Furthermore, he designed a set of scaling instruments for the purpose of removing calculus in patients afflicted with periodontal diseases. He emphasized on the need for removal of these deposits around the teeth. He noted the deleterious effects of ‘pituita’ (calculus, which insinuated itself, on the roots of the teeth) on the teeth and gums.Īlbucasis (936-1013 AD), an Arabian physician and surgeon, was the first to clearly enunciate the relationship between calculus and periodontal diseases. Perhaps the first formal association between dental deposits and oral disease can be found in the writings of Hippocrates (460-377 BC), the Greek physician who founded modern medicine. The discovery of toothpicks of gold and silver in Sumerian tombs dating as back as 3500 BC implies the importance given to oral hygiene and the removal of tooth deposits throughout the ages. ![]() The belief that calculus in some way or the other is related to periodontal diseases can be traced back to the 10th century. Clinical photograph demonstrating heavy calcuus deposite Clinical photograph of the same case after scaling and root planing DefinitionĬalculus can be defined as a hard concretion that forms on the teeth or dental prosthesis through the calcification of bacterial plaque 1. Hence, complete removal of the calculus and necrotic cementum from the root surfaces of the teeth by oral health care providers is essential to achieve periodontal health. Furthermore, the plaque deposited on the surface of calculus in the subgingival areas is very difficult to clean by self-performed oral hygiene measures used by the patient. ![]() Periobasics Basic Periodontology, Recent Posts Introduction to dental calculusĪlthough, dental plaque is considered as the primary etiological factor in the development of periodontal diseases the presence of dental calculus is also of great concern to the clinicians because it facilitates plaque formation by providing the surface for its formation and keeps it in close contact with the gingival tissue.
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